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Carbon
Management - continued from pg. 3
sequestration,
technology policy, and representatives of major environmental
NGOs. The workshop focused on: understanding the uncertainties
in assessing the role of industrial carbon management
(ICM) in lowering the cost of stabilizing global CO2
concentrations; explored research and demonstration needs;
examined the knowledge required to perform robust risk
analysis; asked what role governments and other parties
should play in assessing and assuring the safety of geophysical
repositories; explored strategies to foster reasoned and
informed public discourse; and asked what lessons can
be drawn from poor handling of earlier problems such as
toxic substances and nuclear waste? A summary report will
shortly be available from the Aspen Global Change Institute
(www.agci.org).
Plant
level modeling: The US Department of Energy (DoE)
has provided three years of substantial support to Ed
Rubin (EPP/MechE) to build a comprehensive modeling system
by extending the Integrated Environmental Control Model
(IECM) which he and his co-workers recently delivered
to the Department of Energy. EPP Ph.D. student Anand Rao
is undertaking these extensions as the topic of his Ph.D.
The augmented models will help researchers to obtain preliminary
cost and performance estimates for various ICM technologies.
Macro-level
modeling: At a more macro-scale, under NSF support,
EPP Ph.D. student Tim Johnson and Keith are creating a
"bottom-up" engineering-economic model to explore
different trajectories to ICM in US electric markets over
the next three decades. Assessment of the importance of
"boundary conditions" imposed by sunk capital
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investment
vis-à-vis marginal operating costs on the integration
of ICM technologies, and a comparison with alternative
mitigation strategies such as fuel-switching from coal
to gas, provide the foundation for this work. The model
framework provides a mechanism for exploring the consequences
of different policy regimes (e.g., carbon tax levels and
rates) and economic scenarios (e.g., trends in natural
gas prices). Key uncertainties related to carbon management
are also being included.
Facilitating
innovation: Also with DoE support, Rubin, David Hounshell
(History/EPP) and others are exploring the effect of government
actions on environmental technology innovation. This research
is aimed at understanding how the cost and performance
of carbon management systems might evolve over time in
response to government policy initiatives. It will build
on a recently-completed EPP Ph.D. thesis by Margaret Taylor,
now a post-doc on the project. A research team at the
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA)
in Vienna will collaborate by incorporating the CMU research
into their large-scale integrated assessment (IA) models
to study the role of technological change in policy responses
to global warming.
Public
perceptions: Finally, EPP Ph.D. student Claire Palmgren
and Morgan are conducting studies of likely public perceptions
of these new technologies. Their preliminary work suggests
that the standard concerns about siting will arise but
many will not be dramatically different than those associated
with other large technologies. While deep geological injection
may prove publicly acceptable, their initial studies suggest
that proposal for deep ocean injection may lead to vigorous
public opposition. |
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Carnegie Mellon University
Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890
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